The short answer
This guide answers the most common questions about how to buy term life.
20 vs 30 year term life insurance is a common choice, and both can be right. The best term lasts as long as the need it protects: the mortgage, raising children, or income until retirement.
This guide compares common term lengths and explains when two shorter policies make more sense than one long one.
Part of our complete guide: Term Life Insurance: The Complete Guide.
Quick answer
Pick the term that covers your longest important need. Longer terms cost more per year but lock in today's age. Two policies with different terms can cost less than one.
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How to buy term life: how term life insurance works
Term life insurance covers you for a set number of years, such as 10, 20 or 30. If you pass away during the term, the policy pays a death benefit to your beneficiaries. If you outlive the term, the coverage ends and nothing is paid.
Because it does not build cash value, term is usually the most affordable way to buy a large amount of coverage. It fits needs that have an end date: a mortgage, raising children or replacing income until retirement.
What happens when term life expires?
Outliving your term is the good outcome. It usually means the mortgage is paid and the children are grown. If you still need coverage, plan a year or two before the end date so you have time to convert or compare.
Compare rates from several carriers in about two minutes. Free, no obligation.
What sets your term life rate
- Age at purchase. The younger you are, the lower the rate for the whole term.
- Health and history. Conditions, medications and family history affect your rate class.
- Term length. Longer terms cost more per year.
- Riders. Optional add-ons raise the premium.
- Carrier. Pricing differs between insurers for the same person.
Because insurers weigh these factors differently, comparing several carriers is the simplest way to find a fair price.
What is a term life ladder?
Needs shrink over time. A ladder lets your coverage shrink with them. Each policy is separate, with its own term and premium, and each one simply ends on schedule.
The trade-off is a little more paperwork. Many families find that worth it for the savings.
How to get it, step by step
- Work out the amount and term you need (debts, income, years).
- Compare quotes from several carriers.
- Apply: health questions, and sometimes a short exam.
- Review the policy when it arrives; you can return it during the free-look period.
How to get covered in 3 steps
- Check your rate. Pick your state and answer a few quick questions about the coverage you want.
- Compare carriers. A licensed agent compares term life insurance options from several insurers and explains the trade-offs.
- Apply and get covered. Many applications take one phone call. Coverage starts once the policy is issued and the first premium is paid.
A worked example
Say you're 34 with a $150,000 mortgage balance and 16 years left, $19,000 in other debts, and an income of $55,000. Here's one simple way to size coverage:
| Item | Amount |
|---|---|
| Mortgage balance | $150,000 |
| Other debts | $19,000 |
| 4 years of income | $220,000 |
| Total to consider | $389,000 |
In this example, a 20-year term would outlast the loan (it ends around age 54). Your own numbers will differ; use this as a starting point and adjust for savings, other coverage and future costs like school.
How long should your term be?
The right term covers the years your family would feel the loss of your income the most. For many parents, that is until the youngest child finishes school. For homeowners, it is often the years left on the mortgage.
If two needs end at different times, consider two policies with different terms. As each need ends, its premium goes away too.
Is the payout taxed?
Life insurance death benefits are generally income-tax-free to the beneficiary. That is one reason life insurance works well for a goal like paying off a mortgage: the amount your family receives is generally the amount they can use.
There are exceptions. Interest paid on a benefit that is held and paid out over time can be taxable. Very large estates can owe estate tax, and a policy you own counts toward your estate. Policies that were sold or transferred for value can also lose some of the tax benefit.
Tax rules change and every situation is different. For anything beyond the basics, talk with a tax professional. We can explain how a policy works, but we do not give tax or legal advice.
Who term life insurance is for
Often a good fit
- you have a need with an end date and want the most coverage for the money.
- you want to cover a mortgage, income or debts.
Maybe not the right fit
- you want coverage that never expires.
- you want a policy that builds cash value.
